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Exchange of calcium between bone and ext...

Exchange of calcium between bone and extracellular fluid takes place under the influence of certain hormones
(a) What will happen if more of `Ca^(2+)` is in extracellular fluid?
(b) What will happen if very less amount of `Ca^(2+)` is in the extracellular fluid?

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(a) More `Ca^(2+)` concentration in extracellular fluid is associated with hyperparathyroidism. It causes demineralisation, resulting in softening and bending of the bones. This condition leads to osteoporosis.
(b) Very less amount of `Ca^(2+)` in extracellular fluid is associated with hypoparathyroidism. This increases the excitability of nerves and muscles, causing cramps, sustained contraction of the muscles of larynx, face, hands and feet. This disorder is called parathyroidtetany or hypercalcemictetany.
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