Which property of the pigment is responsible for its ability to initiate the process of photosynthesis ? Why is the rate of photosynthesis higher in the red and blue regions of the spectrum of light ?

Explanation

The chlorophyll pigments are present in the thylakoid membranes. The have the property of excitability and emit `e^(-)` in the excited stage, though this `e^(-)` is replaced and transferred by the `e^(-)` generated from splitting of water molecules.
Red and Blue Light have maximum energy which a chlorophyll pigment absorbs and get excited an initiate the process of photosynthesis. Also, its wavelength are (400-700 nm) i.e., between the Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR).
Thus, the rate of photosynthesis is higher in blue and red light.