Haloalkanes contain halogen atom(s) attached to the `sp^(3)`hybridised carbon atom of an alkyl group. Identify haloalkane from the following compounds.

Options

A. 2-bromopentane
B. Vinyl chloride (chloroethane)
C. 2-chloroacetophenon
D. Trichloromethane

Explanation

To identify the haloalkane from the given compounds, we need to analyze each compound based on the presence of halogen atoms attached to sp³ hybridized carbon atoms. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Understand the Definition of Haloalkanes
Haloalkanes are organic compounds that contain at least one halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, I) attached to a carbon atom that is sp³ hybridized. This means that the carbon atom must be bonded to four other atoms through sigma bonds.

### Step 2: Analyze Each Compound
1. **2-Bromopentane**:
- Structure: CH₃-CHBr-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃
- The carbon atom bonded to bromine (Br) is sp³ hybridized as it forms four sigma bonds (one with Br and three with other carbon atoms).
- Conclusion: This is a haloalkane.

2. **Vinyl Chloride (Chloroethene)**:
- Structure: CH₂=CHCl
- The carbon atom bonded to chlorine (Cl) is sp² hybridized because it forms three sigma bonds and one pi bond (due to the double bond).
- Conclusion: This is not a haloalkane.

3. **2-Chloroacetophenone**:
- Structure: C₆H₄(Cl)COCH₃
- The carbon atom bonded to chlorine is part of a benzene ring, which consists of sp² hybridized carbons.
- Conclusion: This is not a haloalkane.

4. **Trichloromethane (Chloroform)**:
- Structure: CHCl₃
- The carbon atom is bonded to three chlorine atoms and one hydrogen atom, making it sp³ hybridized (four sigma bonds).
- Conclusion: This is a haloalkane.

### Step 3: Final Identification
From the analysis, the compounds that qualify as haloalkanes are:
- 2-Bromopentane
- Trichloromethane

### Summary of Results
- **Haloalkanes Identified**: 2-Bromopentane and Trichloromethane.

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