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Write increasing order of basic strength...

Write increasing order of basic strength of following:
`(a) F^(Theta) " "(b) Cl^(Theta)" "(c) Br^(Theta)" "(d)I^(Theta)`

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To determine the increasing order of basic strength of the given halide ions (F^-, Cl^-, Br^-, I^-), we need to consider the stability of these anions. The basic strength of an anion is inversely proportional to its stability; a more stable anion is less basic. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding Basic Strength**: Basic strength refers to the ability of an ion to accept protons (H^+). The more stable the anion, the less likely it is to accept a proton, hence the weaker its basic strength. 2. **Analyzing Anion Stability**: The stability of an anion is influenced by its size. Larger anions can better disperse the negative charge, leading to greater stability. 3. **Order of Atomic Size**: The atomic size of the halogens increases as we move down the group in the periodic table: - Fluorine (F) < Chlorine (Cl) < Bromine (Br) < Iodine (I) - This means that I^- is the largest and F^- is the smallest. 4. **Stability of Anions**: Since larger anions can better stabilize the negative charge: - I^- is the most stable (largest size) - Br^- is less stable than I^- - Cl^- is less stable than Br^- - F^- is the least stable (smallest size) 5. **Basic Strength Order**: Since basic strength is inversely related to stability: - F^- (least stable) > Cl^- > Br^- > I^- (most stable) 6. **Final Order**: Therefore, the increasing order of basic strength is: - I^- < Br^- < Cl^- < F^- ### Conclusion: The increasing order of basic strength of the given halide ions is: **I^- < Br^- < Cl^- < F^-**
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