In Allen `(C_(3)H_(4))`, the type (s) of hybridisation of the carbon atoms is (are

Options

A. sp and `sp^(3)`
B. sp and `sp^(2)`
C. only `sp^(2)`
D. `sp^(2) " and "sp^(3)`

Answer

To determine the hybridization of the carbon atoms in allene (C₃H₄), we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Structure of Allene
Allene has the formula C₃H₄ and consists of three carbon atoms connected with two double bonds. The structure can be represented as:
```
H2C=C=CH2
```
In this structure, the first and third carbon atoms are terminal, while the second carbon atom is central.

### Step 2: Identify the Hybridization of Each Carbon Atom
1. **Carbon 1 (C1)**:
- It is bonded to two hydrogen atoms and one double bond with Carbon 2 (C2).
- The bonding involves one sigma bond with C2 and two sigma bonds with H atoms.
- Total sigma bonds = 3 (1 with C2 + 2 with H).
- Hybridization = sp² (since it forms three sigma bonds).

2. **Carbon 2 (C2)**:
- It is bonded to Carbon 1 and Carbon 3 through double bonds.
- It forms two sigma bonds (one with C1 and one with C3) and two pi bonds (one with C1 and one with C3).
- Total sigma bonds = 2.
- Hybridization = sp (since it forms two sigma bonds).

3. **Carbon 3 (C3)**:
- Similar to Carbon 1, it is bonded to two hydrogen atoms and one double bond with Carbon 2.
- Total sigma bonds = 3 (1 with C2 + 2 with H).
- Hybridization = sp² (since it forms three sigma bonds).

### Step 3: Conclusion
In allene (C₃H₄), the hybridization of the carbon atoms is:
- Carbon 1: sp²
- Carbon 2: sp
- Carbon 3: sp²

Thus, the types of hybridization present in allene are sp and sp².

### Final Answer
The types of hybridization of the carbon atoms in allene (C₃H₄) are sp and sp².

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