In which of the following compounds, the oxidation state of I-atom is highest -

Options

A. `KI_(3)`
B. `KIO_(4)`
C. `KIO_(3)`
D. `IF_(5)`

Answer

To determine the oxidation state of iodine (I) in various compounds, we will analyze each compound step by step.

### Step 1: Identify the compounds
Let's assume we have the following compounds containing iodine:
1. KI (Potassium Iodide)
2. KIO4 (Potassium Periodate)
3. KIO3 (Potassium Iodate)
4. IF5 (Iodine Pentafluoride)

### Step 2: Calculate the oxidation state of iodine in each compound

**Compound 1: KI**
- Potassium (K) has an oxidation state of +1.
- Let the oxidation state of iodine be \( x \).
- The total charge of the compound is 0.
- Therefore, we have:
\[ +1 + x = 0 \implies x = -1 \]
- **Oxidation state of I in KI = -1**

**Compound 2: KIO4**
- Potassium (K) has an oxidation state of +1.
- Oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2. There are 4 oxygen atoms, so the total contribution from oxygen is \( 4 \times -2 = -8 \).
- Let the oxidation state of iodine be \( x \).
- The total charge of the compound is 0.
- Therefore, we have:
\[ +1 + x - 8 = 0 \implies x - 7 = 0 \implies x = +7 \]
- **Oxidation state of I in KIO4 = +7**

**Compound 3: KIO3**
- Potassium (K) has an oxidation state of +1.
- Oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2. There are 3 oxygen atoms, so the total contribution from oxygen is \( 3 \times -2 = -6 \).
- Let the oxidation state of iodine be \( x \).
- The total charge of the compound is 0.
- Therefore, we have:
\[ +1 + x - 6 = 0 \implies x - 5 = 0 \implies x = +5 \]
- **Oxidation state of I in KIO3 = +5**

**Compound 4: IF5**
- Each fluorine (F) has an oxidation state of -1. There are 5 fluorine atoms, so the total contribution from fluorine is \( 5 \times -1 = -5 \).
- Let the oxidation state of iodine be \( x \).
- The total charge of the compound is 0.
- Therefore, we have:
\[ x - 5 = 0 \implies x = +5 \]
- **Oxidation state of I in IF5 = +5**

### Step 3: Compare the oxidation states
Now we have the oxidation states of iodine in each compound:
1. KI: -1
2. KIO4: +7
3. KIO3: +5
4. IF5: +5

The highest oxidation state of iodine is in **KIO4**, where it is **+7**.

### Final Answer
The compound in which the oxidation state of the iodine atom is highest is **KIO4**.

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