Toluene `overset(KmNO_4)to A overset(SOCI_2)to B overset(H_2IPd)underset(BaSO_4)to`the product 'C' is

Options

A. `C_6 H_(5)CH_(2)-OH`
B. `C_(6)H_(5)CHO`
C. `C_(6)H_(5)COOH`
D. `C_(6)H_(5)CH_(3)`.

Answer

To solve the problem step by step, we will analyze the transformations of toluene through the given reactions.

### Step 1: Oxidation of Toluene with KMnO4
- **Starting Material**: Toluene (C6H5CH3)
- **Reagent**: KMnO4 (Potassium permanganate)
- **Reaction**: Toluene is oxidized by KMnO4, which is a strong oxidizing agent. This reaction converts the methyl group (-CH3) of toluene into a carboxylic acid group (-COOH).
- **Product A**: Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH)

### Step 2: Reaction of Benzoic Acid with SOCl2
- **Starting Material**: Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH)
- **Reagent**: SOCl2 (Thionyl chloride)
- **Reaction**: Benzoic acid reacts with thionyl chloride to form benzoyl chloride. The -OH group of benzoic acid is replaced by a -Cl group.
- **Product B**: Benzoyl chloride (C6H5COCl)

### Step 3: Partial Hydrogenation of Benzoyl Chloride
- **Starting Material**: Benzoyl chloride (C6H5COCl)
- **Reagents**: H2 (Hydrogen gas) and Pd/BaSO4 (Palladium on barium sulfate)
- **Reaction**: This is a Rosenmund reduction, where benzoyl chloride is partially hydrogenated to form benzyldehyde. The chlorine atom is replaced by a hydrogen atom.
- **Product C**: Benzyldehyde (C6H5CHO)

### Final Answer
The product 'C' is **Benzyldehyde (C6H5CHO)**.

---