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At 407 K the rate constant of a chemical...

At 407 K the rate constant of a chemical reaction is `9.5xx10^(-5)s^(-1)` and at 420 K, the rate constant is `1.9xx10^(-4)s^(-1)`. The frequency factor of the reaction is `x xx 10^(5)s^(-1)`. The value of 'x' is. Report your answer by rounding it up to nearest whole number.

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To solve the problem, we will use the Arrhenius equation, which relates the rate constants of a reaction at two different temperatures to the activation energy and the frequency factor. The equation can be expressed as: \[ \frac{k_2}{k_1} = e^{\frac{E_a}{R} \left( \frac{1}{T_1} - \frac{1}{T_2} \right)} \] Where: - \( k_1 \) and \( k_2 \) are the rate constants at temperatures \( T_1 \) and \( T_2 \) respectively. - \( E_a \) is the activation energy. - \( R \) is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K)). - \( T_1 \) and \( T_2 \) are the absolute temperatures in Kelvin. ### Step 1: Identify the given values - \( k_1 = 9.5 \times 10^{-5} \, s^{-1} \) at \( T_1 = 407 \, K \) - \( k_2 = 1.9 \times 10^{-4} \, s^{-1} \) at \( T_2 = 420 \, K \) ### Step 2: Calculate the activation energy \( E_a \) Using the logarithmic form of the Arrhenius equation: \[ \log \left( \frac{k_2}{k_1} \right) = \frac{E_a}{2.303R} \left( \frac{1}{T_1} - \frac{1}{T_2} \right) \] Substituting the known values: \[ \log \left( \frac{1.9 \times 10^{-4}}{9.5 \times 10^{-5}} \right) = \frac{E_a}{2.303 \times 8.314} \left( \frac{1}{407} - \frac{1}{420} \right) \] ### Step 3: Calculate the left-hand side Calculating \( \frac{k_2}{k_1} \): \[ \frac{1.9 \times 10^{-4}}{9.5 \times 10^{-5}} = 2 \] Now, taking the logarithm: \[ \log(2) \approx 0.301 \] ### Step 4: Calculate the right-hand side Calculating \( \frac{1}{407} - \frac{1}{420} \): \[ \frac{1}{407} \approx 0.002454 \quad \text{and} \quad \frac{1}{420} \approx 0.002381 \] So, \[ \frac{1}{407} - \frac{1}{420} \approx 0.002454 - 0.002381 = 0.000073 \] ### Step 5: Substitute back to find \( E_a \) Now substituting back into the equation: \[ 0.301 = \frac{E_a}{2.303 \times 8.314} \times 0.000073 \] Calculating \( 2.303 \times 8.314 \approx 19.1 \): \[ 0.301 = \frac{E_a}{19.1} \times 0.000073 \] Rearranging gives: \[ E_a = \frac{0.301 \times 19.1}{0.000073} \] Calculating \( E_a \): \[ E_a \approx 75782.3 \, J/mol \] ### Step 6: Calculate the frequency factor \( A \) Using the Arrhenius equation in its logarithmic form: \[ \log k = \log A - \frac{E_a}{2.303RT} \] For \( k_1 \): \[ \log(9.5 \times 10^{-5}) = \log A - \frac{75782.3}{2.303 \times 8.314 \times 407} \] Calculating \( 2.303 \times 8.314 \times 407 \approx 75782.3 \): \[ \log(9.5 \times 10^{-5}) \approx -4.021 \] Now substituting: \[ -4.021 = \log A - \frac{75782.3}{75782.3} \] This simplifies to: \[ \log A \approx -4.021 + 1 \] So: \[ \log A \approx -3.021 \] Calculating \( A \): \[ A \approx 0.000975 \quad \text{or} \quad 0.0975 \times 10^{-5} \, s^{-1} \] ### Step 7: Express \( A \) in the required form The frequency factor \( A \) can be expressed as: \[ A \approx 0.04 \times 10^5 \, s^{-1} \] Thus, \( x = 4 \). ### Final Answer The value of \( x \) is **4**.
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