Which product will be obtained by Gridnard reaction, when Formaldehyde reacts with Ethyl magnesium lodide?

Options

A. 2 - Propanol
B. 1 - Propanol
C. Ethanol
D. 2 - Methyl, 2 - Propanol

Answer

To determine the product obtained from the Grignard reaction between formaldehyde (HCHO) and ethyl magnesium iodide (C2H5MgI), we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**:
- The reactants are formaldehyde (HCHO) and ethyl magnesium iodide (C2H5MgI).

2. **Understand the Grignard Reaction**:
- Grignard reagents (like C2H5MgI) are strong nucleophiles. They react with electrophiles, such as carbonyl compounds (like formaldehyde), by attacking the carbon atom of the carbonyl group.

3. **Nucleophilic Attack**:
- The ethyl group (C2H5-) from ethyl magnesium iodide will attack the carbonyl carbon of formaldehyde. The carbonyl carbon in formaldehyde is electrophilic due to the partial positive charge it carries.

4. **Formation of Alkoxide Intermediate**:
- Upon nucleophilic attack, the carbonyl double bond (C=O) breaks, leading to the formation of an alkoxide intermediate. The structure at this stage can be represented as:
\[ CH3CH2 - C(OH) - H \]
- Here, the carbon from the ethyl group has bonded to the carbon of formaldehyde, and the oxygen now carries a negative charge.

5. **Protonation**:
- The alkoxide intermediate can be protonated by adding water (H2O) in a subsequent step. This results in the formation of an alcohol.
- The reaction can be summarized as:
\[ CH3CH2 - C(OH) - H \xrightarrow{H2O} CH3CH2 - CH2OH \]

6. **Final Product**:
- The final product is 1-propanol (C3H8O), which can be represented as:
\[ CH3CH2CH2OH \]

### Conclusion:
The product obtained from the Grignard reaction of formaldehyde with ethyl magnesium iodide is **1-propanol**.

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