Assume that there are 6 types of the nitrogen bases are available and 37 types of an amino acid are avialiable for protein synthesis. In genetic code, each codon will be made up of how many minimum number of nitrogen bases?

Options

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 2

Answer

To determine the minimum number of nitrogen bases required to form a codon for protein synthesis, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Codons**: A codon is a sequence of three nitrogen bases that corresponds to a specific amino acid in the genetic code.

2. **Available Nitrogen Bases**: In this scenario, we have 6 types of nitrogen bases available.

3. **Available Amino Acids**: There are 37 types of amino acids that need to be encoded by the codons.

4. **Calculating Codon Combinations**: Each codon consists of a combination of nitrogen bases. Since each codon is made up of three bases, we can calculate the number of possible combinations of codons using the formula:
\[ \text{Number of Codons} = (\text{Number of Bases})^{\text{Length of Codon}} \]
In this case, the length of the codon is 3 (since a codon is a triplet).

5. **Applying the Formula**:
\[ \text{Number of Codons} = 6^3 = 216 \]
This means there are 216 possible combinations of codons that can be formed with 6 nitrogen bases.

6. **Sufficient Combinations**: Since we have 37 different amino acids to encode, we need to ensure that the number of codons is at least equal to the number of amino acids. In this case, 216 codons are more than sufficient to encode 37 amino acids.

7. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the minimum number of nitrogen bases required to form a codon is 3.

### Final Answer:
The minimum number of nitrogen bases in each codon is **3**.

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