In which in vitro technique, sperm is directly injected into the ovum to form an embryo?

Options

A. IVF-ET
B. ICSI
C. GIFT
D. IUI

Answer

To solve the question regarding the in vitro technique in which sperm is directly injected into the ovum to form an embryo, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks for an in vitro technique where sperm is directly injected into the ovum to create an embryo.

2. **Analyze the Options**:
- **Option 1: IVF-ET (In Vitro Fertilization - Embryo Transfer)**: This technique involves fertilizing the egg with sperm outside the body and then transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. It does not involve direct injection of sperm into the ovum.
- **Option 2: ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection)**: In this technique, a single sperm is directly injected into the cytoplasm of the ovum. This method is specifically designed for cases where fertilization is difficult.
- **Option 3: GIFT (Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer)**: This method involves placing both sperm and eggs into the fallopian tubes, allowing fertilization to occur naturally within the body.
- **Option 4: IUI (Intra Uterine Insemination)**: This technique involves placing sperm directly into the uterus but does not involve injecting sperm into the ovum.

3. **Identify the Correct Technique**: Based on the analysis:
- IVF-ET is incorrect as it does not involve direct injection.
- ICSI is correct because it involves the direct injection of sperm into the ovum.
- GIFT and IUI are also incorrect as they do not involve direct injection into the ovum.

4. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is **Option 2: ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection)**, as it is the only technique that involves the direct injection of sperm into the ovum to form an embryo.

### Final Answer:
The in vitro technique in which sperm is directly injected into the ovum to form an embryo is **ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection)**.