Choose the incorrect statement from the following

Options

A. Sun is the only source of energy for every single ecosystem on earth
B. Plants capture 2 - 10% of PAR
C. Ecosystems follow the 2nd law of thermodynamics
D. In a terrestrial ecosystem major producers are herbaceous and woody plants

Answer

To solve the question of identifying the incorrect statement among the given options, we will analyze each statement one by one.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Analyze the First Statement:**
- **Statement:** "Sun is the only source of energy for every single ecosystem on earth."
- **Evaluation:** This statement is generally true for most ecosystems, as the sun is the primary energy source. However, it is incorrect because there are exceptions, such as the deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems, which rely on chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

2. **Analyze the Second Statement:**
- **Statement:** "Plants capture 2 to 10% of the P.A.R."
- **Evaluation:** This statement is correct. Plants do capture approximately 2-10% of the Photosynthetically Active Radiation (P.A.R.) that reaches them.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

3. **Analyze the Third Statement:**
- **Statement:** "Ecosystems follow the second law of thermodynamics."
- **Evaluation:** This statement is also correct. The second law of thermodynamics states that in a closed system, entropy tends to increase, which applies to ecosystems as they exchange energy and matter.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

4. **Analyze the Fourth Statement:**
- **Statement:** "In a terrestrial ecosystem, major producers are the herbaceous and woody plants."
- **Evaluation:** This statement is correct. In terrestrial ecosystems, the primary producers are indeed herbaceous (non-woody) and woody plants.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

### Final Conclusion:
The only incorrect statement among the options provided is the **first statement**: "Sun is the only source of energy for every single ecosystem on earth."

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