Which of the following dose not have an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal ?

Options

A. Funaria
B. Polytrichum
C. Sphagnum
D. Riccia

Answer

To determine which of the following options does not have an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal, we need to analyze the characteristics of each option provided:

1. **Funaria**: This is a type of moss. Mosses typically have a more complex sporophyte structure, which includes a capsule that contains spores. The spores are released in a more elaborate manner, often using mechanisms like wind dispersal.

2. **Polytrichum**: Another type of moss, Polytrichum also has a well-developed sporophyte. Similar to Funaria, it has a capsule that releases spores, indicating a more sophisticated mechanism for spore dispersal.

3. **Sphagnum**: This is also a moss. Like the previous two, Sphagnum has an elaborate sporophyte structure that aids in effective spore dispersal through wind or other means.

4. **Rikshia**: This is an aquatic liverwort. Liverworts generally have a simpler structure compared to mosses. In Rikshia, the capsule containing spores is embedded in the gametophyte thallus, and the number of spores is relatively few. The dispersal mechanism is less elaborate, primarily relying on animals for dispersal.

Based on this analysis, the organism that does not have an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal is **Rikshia**.

### Final Answer:
**Rikshia (Option 4)** does not have an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal.