The hormones which increase alertness ,pupillary dilation , piloerection and sweating are

Options

A. Peptide hormones
B. Steroid hormones
C. lodothyronine
D. Amino acid derivatives

Answer

To solve the question regarding the hormones that increase alertness, pupillary dilation, piloerection, and sweating, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Symptoms**: The question mentions four physiological responses: alertness, pupillary dilation, piloerection (hair standing on end), and sweating. These responses are typically associated with the body's reaction to stress or danger.

2. **Understand the Role of Hormones**: The body responds to stress through the release of certain hormones that prepare it for a 'fight or flight' response. This includes increasing alertness and physiological changes like pupil dilation and sweating.

3. **Locate the Source of Hormones**: The hormones responsible for these reactions are produced in the adrenal glands, specifically in the adrenal medulla.

4. **Identify the Specific Hormones**: The primary hormones released from the adrenal medulla that are responsible for these effects are epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).

5. **Confirm the Effects of the Hormones**:
- **Epinephrine**: Increases heart rate, dilates pupils, increases blood flow to muscles, and stimulates sweating.
- **Norepinephrine**: Similar effects to epinephrine but with a slightly different action on blood vessels.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the physiological responses mentioned in the question, the hormones that increase alertness, pupillary dilation, piloerection, and sweating are epinephrine and norepinephrine.

### Final Answer:
The hormones which increase alertness, pupillary dilation, piloerection, and sweating are **epinephrine and norepinephrine**.

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