What is a species ?

Options

A. A basic unit in the phylogenic history of living organisms
B. A group of related populations from evolutionary point of view.
C. A basic category containing most of the taxonomic information
D. A population of similar characteristics which forms evolutionary basis of variation

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Species**:
- A species is commonly defined as a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. This definition emphasizes the ability of members of the same species to mate and reproduce.

2. **Characteristics of a Species**:
- Members of a species share common characteristics and genetic heritage. This genetic similarity is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the species.

3. **Interbreeding**:
- Interbreeding is a key concept in defining a species. It means that individuals of a species can mate with one another, but they cannot successfully breed with individuals of other species. This reproductive isolation helps maintain distinct species.

4. **Evolutionary Perspective**:
- From an evolutionary standpoint, a species is viewed as a group of related populations that have evolved from a common ancestor. This evolutionary relationship is important for understanding the phylogenetic history of organisms.

5. **Taxonomic Classification**:
- In biological classification, a species is considered a basic unit that contains significant taxonomic information. It is a fundamental category in the hierarchy of biological classification.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, a species can be defined as a group of interbreeding individuals that share common characteristics and genetic heritage, forming a distinct unit in the evolutionary history of life.