Which of the following information is not correctly matched?

Options

A.
B.
C.
D.

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze the four options provided regarding different types of ecological interactions and determine which one is incorrectly matched.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Types of Interactions**:
We need to consider the four types of ecological interactions mentioned in the question: mutualism, commensalism, predation, and competition.

2. **Analyze Mutualism**:
- **Definition**: Mutualism is a type of interaction where both species benefit from the relationship.
- **Example**: Lichens (a symbiotic association of algae and fungi) where algae provide food and fungi provide protection.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correctly matched.

3. **Analyze Commensalism**:
- **Definition**: In commensalism, one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed.
- **Example**: Tree frogs using plants for protection without affecting the plants.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correctly matched.

4. **Analyze Predation**:
- **Definition**: In predation, one species (the predator) benefits by consuming another species (the prey), which is harmed.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correctly matched.

5. **Analyze Competition**:
- **Definition**: In competition, both species compete for the same resources, leading to a situation where both may suffer due to limited resources.
- **Conclusion**: The statement that one species benefits while the other is harmed is incorrect. In competition, both species are negatively affected, making this option incorrectly matched.

6. **Final Answer**:
- The option that is not correctly matched is **Option 4** (Competition).