Read the given statements carefully and identify the wrong one.

Options

A. All plants have PGA as the first product of `CO_2` fixation
B. Within the chloroplast, protons in the stoma decrease in number , while in the lumen of thylakoid , there is accumulation of protons.
C. Strom lamellae membranes lack PS - II as well as NDAP reductase enzyme .
D. Carotenoids protect chlorophyll a from photo oxidation

Answer

To identify the wrong statement among the given options, we will analyze each statement one by one:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement 1**: "All plants have PGA as the first product of CO2 fixation."
- **Analysis**: This statement is incorrect. In C3 plants, the first stable product of CO2 fixation is Phosphoglyceric Acid (PGA). However, in C4 plants, the first product is Oxaloacetic Acid (OAA), not PGA. Therefore, this statement is indeed wrong.

2. **Statement 2**: "Within the chloroplast, protons in the stroma decrease in number, while in the lumen of thylakoid, there is an accumulation of protons."
- **Analysis**: This statement is correct. During the light reactions of photosynthesis, protons are pumped into the lumen of the thylakoids, leading to a decrease in proton concentration in the stroma and an accumulation in the lumen, creating a proton gradient.

3. **Statement 3**: "Stroma lamellae membranes lack PS2 as well as NADP reductase enzyme."
- **Analysis**: This statement is also correct. Stroma lamellae do not contain Photosystem II (PS2) or NADP reductase, while the granal thylakoids contain both Photosystem I (PS1) and Photosystem II (PS2).

4. **Statement 4**: "Carotenoids protect chlorophyll-a from photo-oxidation."
- **Analysis**: This statement is correct. Carotenoids are pigments that absorb excess light energy and protect chlorophyll from damage due to photo-oxidation.

### Conclusion:
After analyzing all the statements, we conclude that the **first statement is the wrong one**.

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