Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome are all related to

Options

A. both 'X' chromosomes and 'Y' chromosome
B. 'Y' chromosomes
C. 'X' chromosomes
D. neither 'X' chromosomes nor 'Y' chromosomes

Answer

To solve the question about Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome, we need to analyze the characteristics and chromosomal makeup of each syndrome.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Turner Syndrome**:
- Turner syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that occurs when one of the X chromosomes is missing or partially missing.
- The typical genotype for Turner syndrome is represented as **XO**, indicating that there is only one X chromosome present (45 chromosomes in total).
- Individuals with Turner syndrome are typically female and often experience infertility (sterility) and other developmental issues.

2. **Understanding Klinefelter Syndrome**:
- Klinefelter syndrome is another chromosomal disorder that occurs in males when there is an extra X chromosome.
- The typical genotype for Klinefelter syndrome is represented as **XXY**, indicating that there are two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome (47 chromosomes in total).
- Males with Klinefelter syndrome may exhibit feminine characteristics, such as breast development, and are also often sterile.

3. **Identifying the Chromosomal Relation**:
- Both Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome are related to the X chromosome.
- In Turner syndrome, there is a deficiency of the X chromosome, while in Klinefelter syndrome, there is an excess of the X chromosome.
- The Y chromosome is not directly involved in either of these syndromes.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Since both syndromes are related to the X chromosome, the correct answer to the question is **X chromosomes**.

### Final Answer:
Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome are related to **X chromosomes**.

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