For valence electron of rubidium (Z = 37) , the correct set of four quantum number are

Options

A. `5,1,0 +1/2`
B. `5,0,0 +1/2`
C. `5,1,1 +1/2`
D. `6,0,0 +1/2`

Answer

To determine the set of four quantum numbers for the valence electron of rubidium (Z = 37), we need to follow these steps:

### Step 1: Determine the Electron Configuration
Rubidium has an atomic number of 37, which means it has 37 electrons. The electron configuration can be written as:
- 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹

### Step 2: Identify the Valence Electron
The valence electron for rubidium is the one in the outermost shell, which is the 5s orbital. Therefore, the valence electron is the single electron in the 5s subshell.

### Step 3: Assign the Principal Quantum Number (n)
The principal quantum number (n) indicates the main energy level of the electron. For the valence electron in the 5s orbital:
- n = 5

### Step 4: Assign the Azimuthal Quantum Number (l)
The azimuthal quantum number (l) indicates the subshell. For an s subshell:
- l = 0 (since s corresponds to l = 0)

### Step 5: Assign the Magnetic Quantum Number (m)
The magnetic quantum number (m) describes the orientation of the orbital. For an s orbital:
- m = 0 (since for l = 0, m can only be 0)

### Step 6: Assign the Spin Quantum Number (s)
The spin quantum number (s) indicates the spin of the electron. It can be either +1/2 or -1/2. We will take:
- s = +1/2 (for this example)

### Final Set of Quantum Numbers
Thus, the complete set of quantum numbers for the valence electron of rubidium is:
- n = 5
- l = 0
- m = 0
- s = +1/2

So, the correct set of four quantum numbers for the valence electron of rubidium (Z = 37) is:
**(5, 0, 0, +1/2)**

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