Cigarette smoking is considered injurious to health. Which of the following chronic respiratory condition can the smoking habit lead to ?

Options

A. Asthma
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Emphysema
D. Pneumonia

Answer

To solve the question regarding the chronic respiratory conditions that can be caused by cigarette smoking, we will analyze each option provided:

1. **Asthma**:
- Asthma is characterized by difficulty in breathing due to inflammation and narrowing of the airways (bronchi and bronchioles). While smoking can exacerbate asthma symptoms, it is not a direct cause of asthma itself. However, it can lead to increased frequency and severity of asthma attacks in individuals who already have the condition.

2. **Respiratory Acidosis**:
- Respiratory acidosis occurs when the lungs cannot remove enough carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by the body. This leads to an increase in CO2 levels in the blood, causing the blood to become more acidic. Smoking can impair lung function, making it difficult for the body to expel CO2, which can contribute to respiratory acidosis.

3. **Epsoma** (likely referring to emphysema):
- Emphysema is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by damage to the alveoli (air sacs in the lungs), leading to reduced respiratory surface area and difficulty in breathing. Cigarette smoking is one of the major causes of emphysema, as it damages the alveolar walls over time.

4. **Pneumonia**:
- Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid. It is primarily caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi, and while smoking can increase susceptibility to respiratory infections, it is not a direct cause of pneumonia.

Based on the analysis of each option, the chronic respiratory condition that is most directly caused by cigarette smoking is **emphysema**.

**Final Answer**: The correct option is **Epsoma (Emphysema)**.