Match the columns given below correctly.
`{:("Types of wood" ,"Description"),("1. Early wood","i. Has narrow vessels."),("2. Late wood","ii. Dead elements with highly lignified walls"),("3. Heartwood","iv. Vessels with wider cavities."),("4. Sapwood","iv. Lighter in colour."):}`

Options

A. 1 - ii , 2 - iv , 3 - iii , 4- i
B. 1 - iii , 2 - i , 3 - ii , 4- iv
C. 1 - iii , 2 - ii , 3 - iv , 4- i
D. 1 - i , 2 - iii , 3 - iv , 4- ii

Answer

To solve the matching question regarding types of wood and their descriptions, we will analyze each type of wood and its characteristics step by step.

### Step 1: Understand Early Wood
- **Early Wood (Spring Wood)**: This type of wood is formed during the spring when the growth of the tree is rapid.
- Characteristics:
- Has wider vessels (larger lumen).
- Generally lighter in color.

**Match**: Early wood → Vessels with wider cavities (iv).

### Step 2: Understand Late Wood
- **Late Wood (Autumn Wood)**: This type of wood is formed later in the growing season when growth slows down.
- Characteristics:
- Has narrower vessels (smaller lumen).
- Generally darker in color.

**Match**: Late wood → Has narrow vessels (i).

### Step 3: Understand Heartwood
- **Heartwood**: This is the central, non-living part of the tree, which provides structural support.
- Characteristics:
- Composed of dead elements with highly lignified walls.
- Typically darker in color and heavier.

**Match**: Heartwood → Dead elements with highly lignified walls (ii).

### Step 4: Understand Sapwood
- **Sapwood**: This is the outer, living part of the tree that transports water and nutrients.
- Characteristics:
- Consists of living cells.
- Generally lighter in color compared to heartwood.

**Match**: Sapwood → Lighter in color (iv).

### Final Matching Summary:
- Early Wood → Vessels with wider cavities (iv)
- Late Wood → Has narrow vessels (i)
- Heartwood → Dead elements with highly lignified walls (ii)
- Sapwood → Lighter in color (iv)

### Final Matches:
1. Early Wood → iv
2. Late Wood → i
3. Heartwood → ii
4. Sapwood → iv