The callus culture and suspension cultural are used to produce plantlets . They are distinguished by

Options

A. Callus culture is in vitro while suspension is vivo
B. In callus culture shoots are organised whereas in suspension cultural somatic embryo is organised
C. In callus culture hormone is present but in suspension cultural hormone is absent
D. None of the above

Answer

To distinguish between callus culture and suspension culture in the context of producing plantlets, we can analyze the characteristics of each method step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Callus Culture**:
- Callus culture involves the growth of a mass of undifferentiated cells (callus) that is formed from plant tissues. This is typically done in vitro (in a controlled environment outside of the organism).

2. **Definition of Suspension Culture**:
- Suspension culture involves the growth of plant cells in a liquid medium, allowing the cells to remain suspended and grow in a free-floating state. This method is also performed in vitro.

3. **Organogenesis in Callus Culture**:
- In callus culture, the undifferentiated cells can organize into shoots or roots when provided with the appropriate growth hormones (auxins and cytokinins). This process is known as organogenesis.

4. **Somatic Embryogenesis in Suspension Culture**:
- In suspension culture, the cells can develop into somatic embryos. This process involves the formation of embryos from somatic (non-reproductive) cells, which can eventually develop into whole plants.

5. **Hormonal Requirements**:
- Callus culture typically requires the presence of hormones (auxins and cytokinins) to promote cell division and differentiation. In contrast, suspension cultures may not always require the same hormonal conditions, as the cells are already in a liquid medium that supports their growth.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the characteristics discussed, the key distinction is that in callus culture, shoots are organized from the callus, while in suspension culture, somatic embryos are formed. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that callus culture organizes shoots, whereas suspension culture organizes somatic embryos.

### Final Answer:
The callus culture and suspension culture are distinguished by the fact that in callus culture, shoots are organized, while in suspension culture, somatic embryos are organized.

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