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Which of the following is not a structur...

Which of the following is not a structure of nitromethane molecule?

A

B

C

D

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The correct Answer is:
To determine which of the given structures is not a valid representation of the nitromethane molecule (CH3NO2), we will analyze the possible structures of nitromethane and identify any inconsistencies. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Molecular Formula**: - The molecular formula of nitromethane is CH3NO2. This indicates that the molecule consists of one carbon (C), three hydrogens (H), one nitrogen (N), and two oxygens (O). 2. **Draw the Basic Structure**: - The basic structure of nitromethane can be represented as: ``` O || H3C-N | O ``` - In this structure, the carbon atom is bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one nitrogen atom. The nitrogen atom is bonded to one oxygen atom with a double bond and to another oxygen atom with a single bond. 3. **Determine the Formal Charges**: - To ensure that the structure is valid, we need to check the formal charges: - Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons and is bonded to three hydrogens and one nitrogen, resulting in a formal charge of 0. - Nitrogen (N) typically has 5 valence electrons. In this structure, it is making 4 bonds (one with carbon and one with each oxygen), which gives it a formal charge of +1. - The double-bonded oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons and is bonded to nitrogen, giving it a formal charge of 0. - The single-bonded oxygen has 6 valence electrons, but with 3 lone pairs and one bond to nitrogen, it has a formal charge of -1. 4. **Consider Resonance Structures**: - Nitromethane can have resonance structures. One resonance structure can be drawn by moving the lone pair from the negatively charged oxygen to form a double bond with nitrogen, resulting in: ``` O || H3C-N^+ | O^- ``` - This structure maintains the same overall charge distribution. 5. **Evaluate the Given Options**: - Now, we need to evaluate the provided options to identify which one is not a valid structure of nitromethane. - If one of the options suggests a structure like CH3=NH (where carbon is making five bonds), this would be invalid because carbon can only form four bonds due to its tetravalency. 6. **Conclusion**: - The structure CH3=NH is not a valid structure for nitromethane because it violates the tetravalency of carbon. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is the option that represents this invalid structure. ### Final Answer: The structure that is not a valid representation of nitromethane is **option 4: CH3=NH**.
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