Which of these is a Non-infectious and non-communicable disease ?

Options

A. Anthrax
B. Malaria
C. Rheumatoid arthritis
D. Tuberculosis

Answer

To determine which of the given options is a non-infectious and non-communicable disease, we need to analyze each option based on the definitions provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Definitions**:
- **Non-infectious disease**: A disease that is not caused by pathogens (like bacteria, viruses, or parasites).
- **Non-communicable disease**: A disease that cannot be transmitted from one person to another.

2. **Evaluate Each Option**:
- **Option A: Anthrax**
- Anthrax is caused by the bacterium *Bacillus anthracis*. Since it is caused by a microorganism, it is infectious.
- **Conclusion**: This option is not non-infectious or non-communicable.

- **Option B: Malaria**
- Malaria is caused by the protozoan *Plasmodium* and is transmitted through mosquito bites. This makes it both infectious and communicable.
- **Conclusion**: This option is not non-infectious or non-communicable.

- **Option C: Rheumatoid Arthritis**
- Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. It is not caused by any pathogen and cannot be spread from one person to another.
- **Conclusion**: This option is non-infectious and non-communicable.

- **Option D: Tuberculosis**
- Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*. It is infectious and can be transmitted from one person to another through the air.
- **Conclusion**: This option is not non-infectious or non-communicable.

3. **Final Answer**:
- The only option that is non-infectious and non-communicable is **C. Rheumatoid Arthritis**.