Which of the following sets explains the abiotic components in a pond ecosystem ?

Options

A. Water with dissolved inorganic substances
B. Water with dissolved inorganic and organic substances
C. Water with dissolved inorganic and organic substances and also the soil at the bottom
D. Water without any dissolved substances .

Answer

To determine the abiotic components of a pond ecosystem, we need to identify the non-living factors that contribute to the environment. Let's analyze the options provided step by step.

### Step 1: Understand Abiotic Components
Abiotic components are the non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems. In a pond ecosystem, these include:

- Water
- Dissolved gases (like oxygen and carbon dioxide)
- Nutrients (like nitrates and phosphates)
- Sunlight
- Soil and sediments

### Step 2: Analyze the Options
Now, let's look at the options given:

1. **Water with dissolved inorganic substances.**
- This option includes water and some inorganic substances, which are indeed part of the abiotic components, but it does not encompass all aspects.

2. **Water with dissolved organic and inorganic substances.**
- This option includes both organic and inorganic substances dissolved in water, which is more comprehensive but still incomplete as it does not mention soil or sediments.

3. **Water with dissolved organic and inorganic substances and also the soil at the bottom.**
- This option covers water, both types of dissolved substances, and includes the soil, which is a significant abiotic component in a pond ecosystem.

4. **Water without any dissolved substances.**
- This option does not represent the abiotic components accurately, as water in a pond typically contains dissolved substances.

### Step 3: Identify the Correct Answer
Based on the analysis, the most comprehensive option that includes various abiotic components of a pond ecosystem is:

**Option 3: Water with dissolved organic and inorganic substances and also the soil at the bottom.**

### Conclusion
Thus, the correct answer to the question is **Option 3**.

---