Which is the process used to harness nuclear energy these days ? Explain it briefly.

Explanation

Nuclear reactor is the process used to harness nuclear energy these days. Nuclear fission reaction takes place in the nuclear reactor. The reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei with me evolution of large amount of energy, when it is bombarded with slow moving neutron is called nuclear fission.
The nucleus of a heavy atom (such as uranium, plutonium or thorium), when bombarded with low energy neutrons, can be split apart into lighter nuclei along with the release of tremendous amount of energy. U-235 nucleus splits up broadly into two groups of nuclei
(i) A heavy group of nuclei, with mass number in the range A=130 to A=149.
(ii) A light group of nuclei, with mass number in the range A = 85 to A = 104.
In the form of a nuclear reaction, we represent nuclear fission of U-235 as follows
`""_(92)^( 235)Uoverset(""_(0)^(1)n)underset("Slow moving")(to)""_(92)^( 236)Uto""_(56)^(144)Ba+""_(36)^( 89)Kr+3""_(0)^(1)n+ "Energy (in huge amount)"`
The major hazards of nuclear power generation are as follows
(i) The improper nuclear-waste storage and disposal may result into environmental contamination.
(ii) There is a risk of accidental leakage of nuclear radiation and its leakage causes huge loss to living things.
(iii) The high cost of installation of a nuclear power plant and high risk of environmental contamination and limited availability.