Given reasons for the appearance of new combination of characters in the `F_(2)` progeny in question 45.

Explanation

All the `F_(1)`plants had round and yellow seeds. Cron between of generation, they they give rise to new combinations in `F_(2)` generations with round -yellow, round-green, wrinkeld yellow and wrinkled green in the ratio of 9: 3: 3:1.
It indicates that the chances for the pea seeds to be round or winkled do not depend om their chances to be yellow or geen . Each pair of alleles independent of the other pairs. This is callled the principle of independent assortment (3 rd law of Mendelian gametes).