Write down two harmful effects of biotic factors on food grains.

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify Biotic Factors**: Biotic factors are living organisms that can affect food grains. Common examples include rodents, birds, insects, fungi, and bacteria.

2. **Understand the Impact**: These biotic factors can cause harm to stored food grains in various ways, leading to degradation and loss of quality.

3. **List Harmful Effects**:
- **Degradation of Quality**: Biotic factors can lead to spoilage and deterioration of food grains, making them unfit for consumption. For instance, insects may feed on the grains, while fungi can cause mold growth.
- **Reduced Germination Capacity**: The presence of certain biotic factors can affect the seeds' ability to germinate. For example, fungi and bacteria can damage seeds, reducing their viability.

4. **Conclude**: Therefore, the two harmful effects of biotic factors on food grains are:
- Degradation of quality of food grains.
- Reduced germination capacity of seeds.