(b) What is meant by reproduction?
(b) What ae the two general methods of reproducrtion in organisms?
(c) How does and Amoeba reproduce? Descirbe the process of reproduction in Ameoba with the help of labelled diagrams of different statages by its reproduction process.
(d) What is teh name of the process by which Amoeba reproduces?
(e) Name two organisms which reproduce by the same asxual process at that of Amoeba.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Text Solution

**(b) What is meant by reproduction?**
Reproduction is the biological process through which organisms produce new offspring of the same kind. It is essential for the continuation of a species. The new individuals, or offspring, are typically similar to their parents, ensuring the transfer of genetic material.

**(b) What are the two general methods of reproduction in organisms?**
The two general methods of reproduction in organisms are:
1. **Sexual Reproduction**: This method involves the fusion of male and female gametes (sperm and egg) to form a zygote. This process introduces genetic variation among offspring.
2. **Asexual Reproduction**: In this method, offspring are produced from a single parent without the involvement of gametes. The offspring are genetically identical to the parent.

**(c) How does an Amoeba reproduce? Describe the process of reproduction in Amoeba with the help of labeled diagrams of different stages of its reproduction process.**
Amoeba reproduces through a process called binary fission, which is a form of asexual reproduction. The process can be described in the following stages:

1. **Preparation**: The Amoeba prepares for division by growing in size and duplicating its nucleus.
- **Diagram 1**: Show a single Amoeba with a nucleus.

2. **Nuclear Division (Karyokinesis)**: The nucleus divides into two identical nuclei.
- **Diagram 2**: Show the Amoeba with two nuclei.

3. **Cytoplasmic Division (Cytokinesis)**: The cytoplasm divides, and the cell membrane pinches inwards, leading to the formation of two separate cells.
- **Diagram 3**: Show the Amoeba with a constriction in the middle.

4. **Completion**: The process results in two daughter Amoebae, each identical to the parent.
- **Diagram 4**: Show two separate Amoebae.

**(d) What is the name of the process by which Amoeba reproduces?**
The process by which Amoeba reproduces is called **Binary Fission**. This term refers to the division of one organism into two parts, resulting in two new organisms.

**(e) Name two organisms which reproduce by the same asexual process as that of Amoeba.**
Two organisms that reproduce by the same asexual process (binary fission) as Amoeba are:
1. **Paramecium**
2. **Euglena**