A rubber balloon is given a charge Q distributed uniformly over its surface. Then

Options

A. electric field may be there inside the balloon
B. electric field will be there inside the balloon
C. electric field may be constant inside the balloon
D. potential may be constant inside the balloon

Answer

To solve the problem regarding the rubber balloon with a charge \( Q \) uniformly distributed over its surface, we need to analyze the electric field and electric potential inside and outside the balloon.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Charge Distribution**:
- The balloon is given a charge \( Q \) that is uniformly distributed over its surface. This means that the charge is spread evenly across the entire surface area of the balloon.

**Hint**: Recall that uniform charge distribution implies that the charge density is constant over the surface.

2. **Analyzing the Electric Field Inside the Balloon**:
- According to electrostatics, for a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium, the electric field inside the conductor is zero. However, since a rubber balloon is not a conductor, we must consider the implications of its shape.
- If the balloon is perfectly spherical, the electric field inside the balloon will be zero due to symmetry. However, if the balloon is not spherical, the electric field inside may not necessarily be zero.

**Hint**: Remember that symmetry plays a crucial role in determining the electric field inside a charged object.

3. **Analyzing the Electric Field Outside the Balloon**:
- Outside the balloon, the electric field behaves as if all the charge \( Q \) were concentrated at the center of the balloon. The electric field \( E \) at a distance \( r \) from the center (where \( r \) is greater than the radius of the balloon) can be calculated using Coulomb's law:
\[ E = \frac{kQ}{r^2} \]
where \( k \) is Coulomb's constant.

**Hint**: Use the concept of point charge behavior for spherical charge distributions when analyzing the electric field outside.

4. **Analyzing the Electric Potential**:
- The electric potential \( V \) is related to the electric field \( E \) by the equation:
\[ V = -\int E \, dr \]
- Inside the balloon, if the electric field is zero, the potential will be constant. If the electric field is not zero, the potential will vary with distance.

**Hint**: Remember that the potential is constant in regions where the electric field is zero.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The electric field inside the balloon may be zero if the balloon is spherical, but it may not be zero if the balloon is of an irregular shape. Therefore, the statement "the electric field inside the balloon may be zero" is correct.
- The electric potential inside the balloon can also be constant or variable depending on the electric field. Thus, the statement "the potential may be constant" is also correct.

### Final Answer:
- The correct statements regarding the electric field and potential inside the balloon are:
- The electric field inside the balloon may be zero.
- The potential inside the balloon may be constant.