A : It is very difficult to open or close a door if force is applied near the hinge.
R : The moment of applied force is minimum near the hinge.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion,
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion,
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false,
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements,

Answer

To analyze the given statement and reason regarding the difficulty of opening or closing a door when force is applied near the hinge, we can break it down into the following steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Torque**:
- Torque (τ) is defined as the product of the force (F) applied and the distance (R) from the pivot point (hinge) to the point where the force is applied. Mathematically, it is expressed as:
\[ τ = R \times F \]
- Here, R is the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the pivot point.

2. **Identifying the Pivot Point**:
- In the case of a door, the hinge acts as the pivot point. The distance R is crucial in determining how effective the applied force will be in causing rotation.

3. **Effect of Force Application Near the Hinge**:
- When a force is applied near the hinge, the distance R is very small. This results in a smaller torque since:
\[ τ = R \times F \quad \text{(where R is small)} \]
- Consequently, the torque produced is minimal, making it difficult to open or close the door.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, it is indeed very difficult to open or close a door if the force is applied near the hinge because the moment (torque) of the applied force is minimum in this position.

### Final Statement:
- **A**: It is very difficult to open or close a door if force is applied near the hinge.
- **R**: The moment of applied force is minimum near the hinge.
- Both statements are true and the reason (R) correctly explains the assertion (A).

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