Which eylene gives (a) one, (b) two and ( c) three, monochloro derivaties ? Give their structures and names.

Explanation

(a) Monochlorination of p-xylene gives one monochloro derivative because all the four available position are equivalent. The product is 2-chloro-1, 4-dimethylbenzene.

(b) o-Xylene has two types of equyivalent positions, leading to two isomeric products :

( c) m-Xylene has three types os positions giving three different derivatives: