"How does a Monopoly Structure Arise" ?

Explanation

A monopoly structure may arise in any of the following ways :
1. Covernment Licensing/Government Control. The government may grant license for production of particular commodity only to one producer leadig to monopoly. Licensing is used to ensure minimum standards of competency.
The government may control the owner an exclusively through its departmental undertakings. (For example, Railways)
Patents are value for a specific time period, which is called Patent life. After the expiry of patner life othe fims can use the technoligy.
3. Cartels. It is a group of firms which hav explicity agreed to woek together. This is done to avoid competition and secure monopoly control of the market. A cartle jointly coordinates its price and output levels in such a way that is acts like a monopolist. Most widely recognized example of a cartel is the 'Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)'.
4. Control of Resources. Monopoly sometimes occurs due to substantial control over certain resources required in the production.
For example , DeBeers company of South Africa controls about `80%` of the world's production of diamonds, which is sufficient enough to possess monopoly control. Though in recent years the company has experienced growing competition, its impact on diamond market is still considerable.