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Hyperventilation is...

Hyperventilation is

A

Extra deep breathing

B

Rapid breathing

C

Rapid shallow breathing

D

Rapid deep breathing.

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
D
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Hyperventilation or hyperpnoea causes

Human blood has a narrow Ph range of 7.3-7.4 , which must be maintained for methabolic processes to function properly. To keep the Ph in this range requires a delicate balance between the concentration of the conjugate acid-base pairs making upto the buffer system. The main buffer is a carbonic acid/ hydrogencarbonate system, which involves the following three equilibria. CO_(2)(g)hArrCO_(2)(aq) CO_(2)(aq)+H_(2)O(l)hArrH_(2)CO_(3)(aq) H_(2)CO(aq)+H_(2)O(l)hArrHCO_(3)^(-)(aq)+H_(3)O^(+)(aq) Carbonic acid (H_(2)CO_(3)) is a weak acid and HCO_(3)^(-) (aq) is its conjugate base. At the temperature of the human body, the pK_(a) for carbonic acid is 6.4 However, the normal concentration of CO_(2)(g) in the lungs maintanis a ratio of HCO_(3)^(-)(aq)//H_(2)CO_(3)(aq) in blood plasma of about 8:1 . The carbonic acid concentration in the bloos is largely controlled by breathing and respiration. Hydrogencarbonate ion concentration is largely controlled by excreation in urine. If blood pH rises above 7.4 , a potentially life-threatening conditon called alkalosis can result. This can happen in patients who are hyperventilating from severse anxiety, or in climbers suffereing from oxygen deficency at high altitude. (Given: log 2=0.3) Calculate the maximum permissible value of ([H_(2)CO_(3)])/([HCO_(3)^(-)]) in the human blood to just prevent alkalosis.

Human blood has a narrow Ph range of 7.3-7.4 , which must be maintained for methabolic processes to function properly. To keep the Ph in this range requires a delicate balance between the concentration of the conjugate acid-base pairs making upto the buffer system. The main buffer is a carbonic acid/ hydrogencarbonate system, which involves the following three equilibria. CO_(2)(g)hArrCO_(2)(aq) CO_(2)(aq)+H_(2)O(l)hArrH_(2)CO_(3)(aq) H_(2)CO(aq)+H_(2)O(l)hArrHCO_(3)^(-)(aq)+H_(3)O^(+)(aq) Carbonic acid (H_(2)CO_(3)) is a weak acid and HCO_(3)^(-) (aq) is its conjugate base. At the temperature of the human body, the pK_(a) for carbonic acid is 6.4 However, the normal concentration of CO_(2)(g) in the lungs maintanis a ratio of HCO_(3)^(-)(aq)//H_(2)CO_(3)(aq) in blood plasma of about 8:1 . The carbonic acid concentration in the bloos is largely controlled by breathing and respiration. Hydrogencarbonate ion concentration is largely controlled by excreation in urine. If blood pH rises above 7.4 , a potentially life-threatening conditon called alkalosis can result. This can happen in patients who are hyperventilating from severse anxiety, or in climbers suffereing from oxygen deficency at high altitude. (Given: log 2=0.3) Calculate pH of blood at the temperature of the human body.

Human blood has a narrow Ph range of 7.3-7.4 , which must be maintained for methabolic processes to function properly. To keep the Ph in this range requires a delicate balance between the concentration of the conjugate acid-base pairs making upto the buffer system. The main buffer is a carbonic acid/ hydrogencarbonate system, which involves the following three equilibria. CO_(2)(g)hArrCO_(2)(aq) CO_(2)(aq)+H_(2)O(l)hArrH_(2)CO_(3)(aq) H_(2)CO(aq)+H_(2)O(l)hArrHCO_(3)^(-)(aq)+H_(3)O^(+)(aq) Carbonic acid (H_(2)CO_(3)) is a weak acid and HCO_(3)^(-) (aq) is its conjugate base. At the temperature of the human body, the pK_(a) for carbonic acid is 6.4 However, the normal concentration of CO_(2)(g) in the lungs maintanis a ratio of HCO_(3)^(-)(aq)//H_(2)CO_(3)(aq) in blood plasma of about 8:1 . The carbonic acid concentration in the bloos is largely controlled by breathing and respiration. Hydrogencarbonate ion concentration is largely controlled by excreation in urine. If blood pH rises above 7.4 , a potentially life-threatening conditon called alkalosis can result. This can happen in patients who are hyperventilating from severse anxiety, or in climbers suffereing from oxygen deficency at high altitude. (Given: log 2=0.3) Select the correct option.