Benzene, ethane and ethylene belong to the family of hydrocarbons. Show how the data given below is in consistent with the law of Multiple Proportions.
`{:("Compound",underset("in 5.0 g of the sample")("Mass of carbon"),underset("in 5.0 g of the sample")("Mass of hydrogen")),("Benzene","4.61 g","0.39 g"),("Ethane","4.00 g","1.00 g"),("Ethylene","4.29 g","0.71 g"):}` .

Explanation

Let 1 g of hydrogen be the fixed mass of hydrogen
In benzene :
1.00 g of hydrogen are combined with carbon = 4.61 g
1.00 g of hydrogen are combined with carbon `= ((4.61g))/((0.39g))xx(1.0g)=11.82g`
In ethane :
1.00 g of hydrogen are combined with carbon = 4.00 g
In ethylene :
0.71 g of hydrogen are combined carbon = 4.29 g
1.00 g of hydrogen are combined with carbon `= ((4.29g))/((0.71g))xx(1g)=6.04g`
Ratio by mass of carbon combined with 1 g of hydrogen in the three samples
`11 : 82 : : 4.00 : 6.04 ::6 : 2 : 3`
Since it is a simple whole number ratio, the Law of Multiple Proportions is obeyed.