The geometry of `H_(2)S` and its dipole moment are :

Options

A. Angular and non-zero
B. Angular and zero
C. Linear and non-zero
D. Linear and zero

Answer

To determine the geometry and dipole moment of H₂S (hydrogen sulfide), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Determine the Valence Electrons
- Sulfur (S) has 6 valence electrons.
- Each hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron, and there are 2 hydrogen atoms.
- Total valence electrons = 6 (from S) + 2 (from 2 H) = 8 valence electrons.

**Hint:** Count the valence electrons of the central atom and the surrounding atoms to find the total.

### Step 2: Determine the Hybridization
- The formula to determine the hybridization is:
\[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{\text{Number of valence electrons}}{2} \]
- Here, we have 8 valence electrons, so:
\[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{8}{2} = 4 \]
- Since the hybridization number is 4, it indicates that the geometry is based on the tetrahedral arrangement.

**Hint:** Use the total number of valence electrons to find the hybridization and infer the geometry.

### Step 3: Determine the Molecular Geometry
- In H₂S, we have 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to the sulfur atom and 2 lone pairs of electrons on sulfur.
- The presence of lone pairs affects the geometry. The tetrahedral arrangement will adjust to accommodate the lone pairs, resulting in a bent or angular shape.

**Hint:** Consider the presence of lone pairs when determining the final molecular shape.

### Step 4: Determine the Dipole Moment
- Sulfur is more electronegative than hydrogen, which means the S-H bonds are polar.
- The dipole moments of the individual S-H bonds do not cancel out due to the bent shape of the molecule, leading to a net dipole moment.

**Hint:** Analyze the electronegativity differences and molecular shape to determine if the dipole moments cancel or add up.

### Conclusion
- The geometry of H₂S is **angular** (or bent).
- The dipole moment is **non-zero** due to the polar bonds and molecular shape.

Thus, the correct answer is: **Option 1: Angular and non-zero.**