State and explain Gauss's theorem in Electrostatics.

Explanation

Statement: .The total outward Electric flux in air through any closed surface is equal to (`1//epsilon_0`) times the total charge enclosed by it..
Let `q_1,q_2,q_3`...`q_n` be the charge enclosed by a system of discrete charges.
According to gauss theorem,
total flux `phi=(1/epsilon_0)sum_(i=1)^nq_i`
i.e., `phi=(1/epsilon_0)Q`
where , `Q=sum_(i=1)^nq_i`
Also , `phi=E cos theta (sum ds )` where
`.sumds.` is the effective area through which component of Electric field .E cos `theta`. does not vanish .