Choose the correct statement.

Options

A. Strong nuclear forces are charge independent
B. Weak nuclear forces are charge independent
C. GravitaionaI forces are charge independent
D. All of these

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze the statements regarding the fundamental forces: strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, and gravitational force, and determine whether they are charge dependent or charge independent.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Strong Nuclear Force**:
- The strong nuclear force acts between nucleons, which include protons and neutrons.
- Protons have a positive charge, while neutrons are neutral (no charge).
- The strong nuclear force binds nucleons together in the nucleus regardless of their charge.
- **Conclusion**: Strong nuclear force is charge independent.

2. **Understanding Weak Nuclear Force**:
- The weak nuclear force is responsible for processes such as beta decay.
- It operates at a very short range and is involved in the transformation of particles (like neutrons into protons).
- The weak nuclear force does not depend on the charge of the particles involved.
- **Conclusion**: Weak nuclear force is also charge independent.

3. **Understanding Gravitational Force**:
- The gravitational force acts between masses, and it is always attractive.
- It depends solely on the mass of the objects and the distance between them.
- Gravitational force does not depend on the charge of the objects.
- **Conclusion**: Gravitational force is charge independent.

4. **Analyzing the Statements**:
- Statement 1: Strong nuclear forces are charge independent. (Correct)
- Statement 2: Weak nuclear forces are charge independent. (Correct)
- Statement 3: Gravitational forces are charge independent. (Correct)
- Statement 4: All of these are correct. (Correct)

5. **Final Answer**:
- Since all statements are correct, the answer is option 4: All of these.