The speed of electromagnetic waves depends upon

Options

A. Wavelength
B. Frequency
C. Intensity
D. Medium, in which it travels

Answer

To determine what the speed of electromagnetic waves depends upon, we can break down the concepts step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Electromagnetic Waves**:
Electromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric (E) and magnetic (B) fields that are perpendicular to each other and to the direction of wave propagation.

2. **Wave Speed Formula**:
The speed of electromagnetic waves (V) in a vacuum is given by the formula:
\[ V = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_0 \epsilon_0}} \]
where:
- \( \mu_0 \) is the permeability of free space.
- \( \epsilon_0 \) is the permittivity of free space.

3. **Speed in Different Media**:
When electromagnetic waves travel through different media, the speed changes and is given by:
\[ V = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu \epsilon}} \]
where:
- \( \mu \) is the permeability of the medium.
- \( \epsilon \) is the permittivity of the medium.

4. **Dependence on Medium**:
The speed of electromagnetic waves depends on the properties of the medium through which they are traveling. Specifically, it depends on:
- The permeability (\( \mu \)) of the medium, which indicates how much the medium can support the formation of magnetic fields.
- The permittivity (\( \epsilon \)) of the medium, which indicates how much the medium can support the formation of electric fields.

5. **Conclusion**:
Therefore, the speed of electromagnetic waves depends on the permeability and permittivity of the medium they are traveling through. In a vacuum, this speed is equal to the speed of light (C).

### Final Answer:
The speed of electromagnetic waves depends on the permeability and permittivity of the medium through which they are propagating.

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