A: The speed of light in water is not same as that in flowing water.
R: The speed of light in water is not independent of the relative motion between the observer and the medium.

Options

A. IF both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1).
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark(2)
C. IF Assertion is true statement but Reason is false then mark(3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements, then mark (4)

Answer

To solve the given question, we need to analyze the assertion (A) and the reason (R) provided.

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion (A)
The assertion states that "The speed of light in water is not the same as that in flowing water." This implies that the speed of light is affected by the motion of the water.

### Step 2: Analyze the Reason (R)
The reason states that "The speed of light in water is not independent of the relative motion between the observer and the medium." This suggests that the speed of light can change depending on the observer's motion relative to the medium (in this case, water).

### Step 3: Relate Assertion and Reason
When light travels through a medium like water, its speed is determined by the properties of that medium. However, if the water is flowing, the relative motion between the observer and the flowing water affects the perceived speed of light.

- In still water, the speed of light is constant and can be calculated using the refractive index of water.
- In flowing water, the speed of light appears to change due to the addition or subtraction of the velocity of the water, depending on the direction of flow relative to the observer.

### Step 4: Conclusion
Both the assertion and the reason are correct. The assertion correctly states that the speed of light in flowing water differs from that in still water, and the reason accurately explains that this difference is due to the relative motion between the observer and the medium.

### Final Answer
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, and the reason explains the assertion.

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