Compare the boiling points of
1. n - butylamine
2. n - butyl alcohol
3. pentane

Options

A. `2 gt 3 gt 1`
B. `2 gt 1 gt 3`
C. `1 gt 3 gt 2`
D. `3 gt 2 gt 1 `

Answer

To compare the boiling points of n-butylamine, n-butyl alcohol, and pentane, we will analyze the molecular structure and the types of intermolecular forces present in each compound.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Structures**:
- **n-Butylamine (C4H11N)**: This compound has a straight-chain structure with four carbon atoms and an amine group (-NH2).
- **n-Butyl Alcohol (C4H10O)**: This compound also has a straight-chain structure with four carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group (-OH).
- **Pentane (C5H12)**: This is a straight-chain alkane with five carbon atoms.

2. **Consider the Intermolecular Forces**:
- **n-Butyl Alcohol**: The presence of the hydroxyl group allows for strong hydrogen bonding between alcohol molecules. Hydrogen bonds are strong intermolecular forces, leading to higher boiling points.
- **n-Butylamine**: This compound can also form hydrogen bonds due to the presence of the amine group. However, the hydrogen bonding in amines is generally weaker than that in alcohols because nitrogen is less electronegative than oxygen.
- **Pentane**: This compound only exhibits Van der Waals forces (dispersion forces), which are much weaker than hydrogen bonds. Therefore, pentane is expected to have the lowest boiling point among the three.

3. **Compare the Boiling Points**:
- Since n-butyl alcohol has strong hydrogen bonding, it will have the highest boiling point.
- n-Butylamine, while capable of hydrogen bonding, will have a lower boiling point than n-butyl alcohol due to weaker hydrogen bonds.
- Pentane, with only Van der Waals forces, will have the lowest boiling point.

4. **Order of Boiling Points**:
- Based on the analysis, the order of boiling points from highest to lowest is:
- **n-Butyl Alcohol > n-Butylamine > Pentane**

### Final Conclusion:
The boiling points can be summarized as follows:
1. n-Butyl Alcohol (highest boiling point)
2. n-Butyl Amine
3. Pentane (lowest boiling point)