Which of the following has distorted octahedral structure ?

Options

A. `SF_6`
B. `PF_6^(-)`
C. `SiF_6^(2-)`
D. `XeF_6`

Answer

To determine which of the given compounds has a distorted octahedral structure, we need to analyze the hybridization and the number of bond pairs and lone pairs present in each compound. A distorted octahedral structure typically arises from a central atom that has six bond pairs and one lone pair, leading to an sp³d³ hybridization.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Distorted Octahedral Structure**:
- A distorted octahedral structure is characterized by the presence of six bond pairs and one lone pair. This leads to a total of seven electron pairs around the central atom, which requires sp³d³ hybridization.

2. **Identify the Compounds**:
- We need to analyze the following compounds to see which one fits the criteria for a distorted octahedral structure:
- SF₆
- PF₆²⁻
- SiF₆²⁻
- XeF₆

3. **Analyzing Each Compound**:
- **SF₆**:
- Sulfur (S) has 6 valence electrons and forms 6 bonds with fluorine (F).
- Total bond pairs = 6, Lone pairs = 0.
- Hybridization = sp³d² (perfect octahedral).
- **Not the answer**.

- **PF₆²⁻**:
- Phosphorus (P) has 5 valence electrons and gains 1 extra electron from the charge, making it 6 total.
- Forms 6 bonds with fluorine.
- Total bond pairs = 6, Lone pairs = 0.
- Hybridization = sp³d² (perfect octahedral).
- **Not the answer**.

- **SiF₆²⁻**:
- Silicon (Si) has 4 valence electrons and gains 2 from the charge, making it 6 total.
- Forms 6 bonds with fluorine.
- Total bond pairs = 6, Lone pairs = 0.
- Hybridization = sp³d² (perfect octahedral).
- **Not the answer**.

- **XeF₆**:
- Xenon (Xe) has 8 valence electrons.
- Forms 6 bonds with fluorine and has 1 lone pair remaining.
- Total bond pairs = 6, Lone pairs = 1.
- Hybridization = sp³d³ (distorted octahedral).
- **This is the answer**.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The compound with a distorted octahedral structure is **XeF₆**.