The correct increasing order of extent of hydrolysis is

Options

A. `C Cl_(4) lt MgCl_(2) lt AlCl_(3) lt SiCl_(4) lt PCl_(5)`
B. `C Cl_(4) ltAlCl_(3) ltMgCl_(2) lt PCl_(5) lt SiCl_(4)`
C. `C Cl_(4) lt SiCl_(4) ltPCl_(5) lt AlCl_(3) lt MgCl_(2)`
D. `C Cl_(4) lt PCl _(5) lt SiCl_(4) lt AlCl_(3) ltMgCl_(2)`

Answer

To determine the correct increasing order of the extent of hydrolysis for the given compounds, we need to consider two main factors: the oxidation state of the central atom and the availability of vacant d-orbitals for coordination with water molecules. Here is the step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Oxidation States
First, we need to identify the oxidation states of the central atoms in each compound:
- **CCl₄ (Carbon Tetrachloride)**: Carbon has an oxidation state of +4.
- **MgCl₂ (Magnesium Chloride)**: Magnesium has an oxidation state of +2.
- **AlCl₃ (Aluminium Trichloride)**: Aluminium has an oxidation state of +3.
- **SiCl₄ (Silicon Tetra Chloride)**: Silicon has an oxidation state of +4.
- **PCl₅ (Phosphorus Pentachloride)**: Phosphorus has an oxidation state of +5.

### Step 2: Arrange by Oxidation State
Next, we arrange the compounds based on the oxidation states of their central atoms from lowest to highest:
- MgCl₂ (+2)
- AlCl₃ (+3)
- SiCl₄ (+4)
- CCl₄ (+4)
- PCl₅ (+5)

### Step 3: Consider the Availability of d-Orbitals
The second factor is the availability of vacant d-orbitals:
- **CCl₄**: Carbon does not have d-orbitals, so it does not undergo hydrolysis.
- **MgCl₂**: Magnesium has vacant 3d orbitals, so it can undergo hydrolysis.
- **AlCl₃**: Aluminium has vacant 3d orbitals, so it can undergo hydrolysis.
- **SiCl₄**: Silicon has vacant 3d orbitals, so it can undergo hydrolysis.
- **PCl₅**: Phosphorus has vacant 3d orbitals, so it can undergo hydrolysis.

### Step 4: Determine Extent of Hydrolysis
Now, we can determine the extent of hydrolysis based on the oxidation state and the presence of vacant d-orbitals:
- **CCl₄**: Does not undergo hydrolysis (last).
- **MgCl₂**: Least extent of hydrolysis due to lower oxidation state (+2).
- **AlCl₃**: Moderate extent of hydrolysis due to oxidation state (+3).
- **SiCl₄**: Higher extent of hydrolysis due to oxidation state (+4).
- **PCl₅**: Highest extent of hydrolysis due to oxidation state (+5).

### Final Order
Putting it all together, the correct increasing order of the extent of hydrolysis is:
1. CCl₄ (no hydrolysis)
2. MgCl₂ (least extent)
3. AlCl₃ (moderate extent)
4. SiCl₄ (higher extent)
5. PCl₅ (highest extent)

Thus, the final answer is:
**CCl₄ < MgCl₂ < AlCl₃ < SiCl₄ < PCl₅**