Which formula does not correctly represent the bonding capacity of the central atom involved?

Options

A. `[H-overset(H)overset(|)underset(H)underset(|)PrarrH]^(+)`
B.
C.
D.

Answer

To determine which formula does not correctly represent the bonding capacity of the central atom involved, we need to analyze the bonding capacity of the central atom in each given option. The bonding capacity is defined as the total number of bonds an atom can form, which is generally determined by the number of valence electrons available for bonding.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Bonding Capacity**:
- The bonding capacity of an atom is determined by its valence electrons. For example, if an atom has 5 valence electrons, it can form a maximum of 5 bonds (considering the sharing of electrons).

2. **Analyzing Option 1: \( \text{PH}_4^+ \)**:
- Phosphorus (P) has 5 valence electrons.
- In \( \text{PH}_4^+ \), phosphorus forms 4 bonds with hydrogen atoms.
- This matches its bonding capacity (5 valence electrons), so this structure is correct.

3. **Analyzing Option 2: \( \text{OF}_2 \)**:
- Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons.
- In \( \text{OF}_2 \), oxygen forms 2 bonds with fluorine atoms and has 2 lone pairs remaining.
- This also matches its bonding capacity, so this structure is correct.

4. **Analyzing Option 3: \( \text{N} \equiv \text{O} \) and \( \text{OH} \)**:
- Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence electrons.
- In the given structure, nitrogen forms 3 bonds (one with oxygen in a double bond and one with hydroxyl) and has a lone pair.
- This matches its bonding capacity, so this structure is correct.

5. **Analyzing Option 4: \( \text{C} \equiv \text{C} \)**:
- Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons.
- In the structure \( \text{C} \equiv \text{C} \), each carbon is forming 4 bonds (2 with each other and 2 with other atoms).
- This indicates that carbon is involved in bonding with more electrons than it has available (5 bonds), which exceeds its bonding capacity.
- Therefore, this structure does not correctly represent the bonding capacity of carbon.

### Conclusion:
The formula that does not correctly represent the bonding capacity of the central atom is **Option 4**.