Which of the following statement is incorrect for ligand - metal complex

Options

A. Larger the donor atom of the ligand, the more stable is the metal - ligand bond
B. Highly charged ligand forms strong bond
C. Larger the permanent dipole moment of ligand, the more stable is the bond
D. Greater the ionization potential of central metal, the stronger is the bond

Answer

To determine which statement is incorrect regarding ligand-metal complexes, we can analyze each option provided in the question. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the reasoning:

### Step 1: Analyze the Statements

1. **Statement 1**: "Larger the donor atom, the more stable the metal-ligand bond."
- **Analysis**: This statement is generally true. A larger donor atom can often accommodate more electron density and can stabilize the bond with the metal ion, leading to a stronger interaction.

2. **Statement 2**: "Highly charged ligands form a strong bond."
- **Analysis**: This statement is misleading. While charge can influence the interaction, it is primarily the ability of the ligand to donate electron pairs (donor ability) that determines bond strength. A highly charged ligand does not necessarily guarantee a strong bond if it lacks the ability to donate electrons effectively.

3. **Statement 3**: "Larger the permanent dipole moment, greater the ionization potential."
- **Analysis**: This statement is also misleading. The permanent dipole moment relates to the distribution of charge within the molecule and does not directly correlate with ionization potential. Ionization potential is more related to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or molecule.

4. **Statement 4**: "Higher ionization potential leads to greater stability of the complex."
- **Analysis**: This statement is generally true. A higher ionization potential indicates that the metal ion is less likely to lose electrons, which contributes to the stability of the complex.

### Step 2: Identify the Incorrect Statement

From the analysis above, we can conclude that:

- **Statement 2** is incorrect because it incorrectly suggests that high charge alone guarantees a strong bond without considering the donor ability of the ligand.
- **Statement 3** is also misleading, but it does not directly state a bond formation concept like Statement 2 does.

### Conclusion

The incorrect statement regarding ligand-metal complexes is **Statement 2**: "Highly charged ligands form a strong bond."

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