Which of the following sets of hormones are lipid-soluble and given a physiological response by changing the gene expression ?

Options

A. Estrogen , Thyroxine , cortisol
B. FSH , LH , Testosterone
C. Insulin , Oxytocin , Estrogen
D. Estrogen , Relaxin , Oxytocin

Answer

To determine which set of hormones are lipid-soluble and induce physiological responses by changing gene expression, we can analyze each option provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Lipid-Soluble Hormones**:
- Lipid-soluble hormones are typically steroid hormones and thyroid hormones. They can easily pass through cell membranes and bind to intracellular receptors, leading to changes in gene expression.

2. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **Option 1: Estrogen, Thyroxine, and Cortisol**:
- **Estrogen**: A steroid hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle and promotes the growth of the uterine lining. It is lipid-soluble and acts by altering gene expression.
- **Thyroxine (T4)**: A thyroid hormone that regulates metabolism and is also lipid-soluble. It influences gene expression related to metabolic processes.
- **Cortisol**: A steroid hormone released from the adrenal glands that increases glucose levels and also modifies gene expression.
- **Conclusion**: This option contains lipid-soluble hormones that change gene expression.

- **Option 2: FSH, LH, and Testosterone**:
- **FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)** and **LH (Luteinizing Hormone)**: These are peptide hormones and are not lipid-soluble.
- **Testosterone**: A steroid hormone, lipid-soluble, and can change gene expression.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect because FSH and LH are not lipid-soluble.

- **Option 3: Insulin, Oxytocin, and Estrogen**:
- **Insulin**: A peptide hormone, not lipid-soluble.
- **Oxytocin**: Another peptide hormone, not lipid-soluble.
- **Estrogen**: As mentioned, it is lipid-soluble.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect due to the presence of insulin and oxytocin.

- **Option 4: Estrogen, Relaxin, and Oxytocin**:
- **Estrogen**: Lipid-soluble.
- **Relaxin**: A peptide hormone, not lipid-soluble.
- **Oxytocin**: A peptide hormone, not lipid-soluble.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect because relaxin and oxytocin are not lipid-soluble.

3. **Final Conclusion**:
- The only set of hormones that are lipid-soluble and induce physiological responses by changing gene expression is **Option 1: Estrogen, Thyroxine, and Cortisol**.

### Final Answer:
**Option 1: Estrogen, Thyroxine, and Cortisol**