Which one of the following is a matching pair of centrain organisms and the kind of association ?

Options

A. Shark and sucker fish - ammensalism
B. Algae and fungi in lichens - mutualism
C. Orchids growing on tress - mutualism
D. Cusucta (dodder) growing on other flowering plants - epiphytism

Answer

To solve the question regarding the matching pair of certain organisms and the kind of association they exhibit, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the First Option: Shark and Sucker Fish**
- The sucker fish attaches to the shark using its dorsal fin and feeds on the food particles that fall from the shark while it is eating.
- In this relationship, the sucker fish benefits from the shark by getting food, while the shark is neither harmed nor benefited by the presence of the sucker fish.
- This type of relationship is known as **commensalism** (one organism benefits while the other is unaffected).
- Therefore, this option is **incorrect** because it is labeled as amensalism.

2. **Identify the Second Option: Algae and Fungi in Lichen**
- In lichen, algae and fungi live together in a symbiotic relationship.
- The algae provide food through photosynthesis, while the fungi provide shelter and protection.
- Both organisms benefit from this relationship, which is classified as **mutualism**.
- Hence, this option is **correct**.

3. **Identify the Third Option: Orchids and Trees**
- Orchids grow on trees but do not harm them. The orchids benefit from the trees by gaining support to grow.
- However, the trees do not receive any benefit from the orchids; they are neutral in this interaction.
- This relationship is known as **commensalism**, not mutualism.
- Therefore, this option is **incorrect**.

4. **Identify the Fourth Option: Cascuta and Flowering Plants**
- Cascuta is a parasitic plant that attaches to flowering plants and derives nutrients from them.
- This relationship is classified as **parasitism**, where one organism benefits at the expense of another.
- The option describes it as epiphytism, which is incorrect, making this option also **incorrect**.

### Conclusion:
After analyzing all options, the only correct matching pair is **Option 2: Algae and Fungi in Lichen (Mutualism)**.