List the set of factors from the following , which are responsible for dissociation of oxygen from the oxyhaemoglobin ?

Options

A. High `pCO_2, "low "pO_2` , low pH
B. High temperature , low `pO_2` less `H^+` conc.
C. Low `pO_2` high `pCO_2` high pH
D. High `pO_2` , low `pCO_2`, high temperature

Answer

To determine the factors responsible for the dissociation of oxygen from oxyhemoglobin, we need to analyze the given options based on our understanding of how oxygen binds and dissociates from hemoglobin. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Understand Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation
- Hemoglobin can bind with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin. The process of oxygen detaching from hemoglobin is known as dissociation.
- Several factors influence this dissociation, including partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), pH, temperature, and hydrogen ion concentration.

### Step 2: Identify Factors Favoring Dissociation
- **Low pO2**: A lower partial pressure of oxygen favors the release of oxygen from hemoglobin.
- **High pCO2**: An increase in carbon dioxide concentration promotes the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin.
- **Low pH (High H+ concentration)**: A decrease in pH (which indicates an increase in hydrogen ion concentration) also promotes dissociation.
- **High Temperature**: Elevated temperatures can increase the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin.

### Step 3: Analyze the Options
Now let's evaluate the provided options based on the factors identified:

- **Option A**: High pCO2, Low pO2, Low pH
- High pCO2 → favors dissociation
- Low pO2 → favors dissociation
- Low pH → favors dissociation
- **Conclusion**: This option supports dissociation.

- **Option B**: High Temperature, Low pO2, Less H+ concentration
- High Temperature → favors dissociation
- Low pO2 → favors dissociation
- Less H+ concentration → does not favor dissociation (it favors association)
- **Conclusion**: This option does not fully support dissociation.

- **Option C**: Low pO2, High pCO2, High pH
- Low pO2 → favors dissociation
- High pCO2 → favors dissociation
- High pH → does not favor dissociation (it favors association)
- **Conclusion**: This option does not fully support dissociation.

- **Option D**: High pO2, Low pCO2, High Temperature
- High pO2 → does not favor dissociation (it favors association)
- Low pCO2 → does not favor dissociation (it favors association)
- High Temperature → favors dissociation
- **Conclusion**: This option does not support dissociation.

### Final Answer
Based on the analysis, the correct set of factors responsible for the dissociation of oxygen from oxyhemoglobin is **Option A: High pCO2, Low pO2, Low pH**.