Complete the given flow chart about DNA compaction and packaging by selecting the correct option.
DNA - Chromatin fiber - Chromosome

Options

A. `{:(X,Y,Z),("Solenoid","Nucleosome","Chromatid"):}`
B. `{:(X,Y,Z),("Solenoid","Chromatid","Nucleosome"):}`
C. `{:(X,Y,Z),("Nucleosome","Solenoid","Chromatid"):}`
D. `{:(X,Y,Z),("Nucleosome","Chromatid","Solenoid"):`

Answer

To complete the flow chart about DNA compaction and packaging, we will follow the steps of DNA organization from its basic structure to its most compact form. Here’s the step-by-step solution:

1. **DNA**: The process begins with DNA, which is a long, double-stranded molecule composed of nucleotides. DNA serves as the genetic material in living organisms.

2. **Nucleosome**: The first step in DNA packaging involves the DNA winding around histone proteins. This forms a structure known as a nucleosome. Each nucleosome consists of a segment of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins, resembling "beads on a string" when viewed under a microscope.

3. **Chromatin Fiber**: Nucleosomes further coil and fold to form a more compact structure known as chromatin fiber. This fiber represents the DNA in a less condensed form, which is present during the interphase of the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing.

4. **Chromosome**: During cell division, chromatin fibers condense even further to form chromosomes. Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids that are joined at a region called the centromere. This highly compacted structure ensures that DNA is accurately distributed to daughter cells during cell division.

Thus, the complete flow chart is:
- DNA → Nucleosome → Chromatin Fiber → Chromosome