Which one of the following is a matching pair of certain organism (s) and the kind of association between them ?

Options

A. Algae and fungi in lichens - Mutusalism
B. Shark and sucker fish - Ammensalism
C. Orchids growing on trees - Parasitism
D. Cuscuta (dodder) growing on other - flowering plants - Epiphytism

Answer

To solve the question about the matching pair of organisms and the type of association between them, we will analyze each option provided in the question.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Organisms and Their Associations**:
- We need to look at each pair of organisms and determine the type of relationship they share.

2. **Option 1: Algae and Fungi (Lichen)**:
- Lichens are a symbiotic association between fungi and algae (or cyanobacteria).
- The relationship is mutualism because:
- Algae (photobiont) perform photosynthesis and produce sugars.
- Fungi provide shelter and absorb moisture and nutrients.
- **Conclusion**: This is a correct match for mutualism.

3. **Option 2: Shark and Suckerfish**:
- The suckerfish attaches to the shark and benefits by getting a free ride and food scraps.
- This relationship is classified as commensalism because:
- The suckerfish benefits while the shark is neither helped nor harmed.
- **Conclusion**: This is not a mutualistic relationship, so this option is incorrect.

4. **Option 3: Orchid and Trees**:
- Orchids grow on trees but do not harm them; they use trees for support.
- This relationship is known as epiphytism.
- **Conclusion**: This is not mutualism, so this option is incorrect.

5. **Option 4: Cascuta and Flowering Plants**:
- Cascuta (dodder) is a parasitic plant that wraps around host plants and derives nutrients.
- This relationship is parasitism, not epiphytism.
- **Conclusion**: This is also incorrect.

### Final Answer:
The correct matching pair of organisms and their type of association is **Option 1: Algae and Fungi (Mutualism in Lichen)**.

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